{"id":860,"date":"2016-06-05T23:01:52","date_gmt":"2016-06-05T14:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=860"},"modified":"2016-06-05T23:04:34","modified_gmt":"2016-06-05T14:04:34","slug":"araliaceae-hydrocotyloideae-%e3%82%a6%e3%82%b3%e3%82%ae%e7%a7%91%e3%83%81%e3%83%89%e3%83%a1%e3%82%b0%e3%82%b5%e4%ba%9c%e7%a7%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=860","title":{"rendered":"Araliaceae Hydrocotyloideae \u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u4e9c\u79d1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nicolas, A.N. and Plunkett, G.M. 2009. The demise of subfamily Hydrocotyloideae (Apiaceae) and the re-alignment of its genera across the entire order Apiales. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 53: 134-151.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u3068\u95a2\u9023\u5c5e\u306f\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5869\u57fa\u914d\u5217\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u7cfb\u7d71\u63a8\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3063\u305f (\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Nicolas and Plunkett 2009)\u3002<\/p>\n

Hydrocotyle<\/em> and its close relatives have been treated as a member of the Apiaceae but phylogenetic analyses using nucleotide sequences support the inclusion in the Araliaceae (e.g. Nicolas and Plunkett 2009).<\/p>\n

Nicolas, A.N. and Plunkett, G.M. 2009. The demise of subfamily Hydrocotyloideae (Apiaceae) and the re-alignment of its genera axross the entire order Apiales. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 53: 134-151.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u5f62\u8cea\u3092\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u3068\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u5f62\u8cea\u306f\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u3068\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u65b9\u306b\uff0b\u306e\u5370\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u305f\u3002\u4e21\u79d1\u306e\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u70b9\u7dda\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\uff0b\u5370\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

Hydrocotyle<\/em> shares some morphological characters with the Araliaceae but other ones with the Apiaceae. Morphological characters of Hydrocotyle<\/em> are indicated as plus marks. When Hydrocotyle<\/em> has intermediate morphology, plus mark is shown on the dotted line.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30e4\u30c4\u30c7\u306e\u6258\u8449\u306f\u8449\u67c4\u3068\u7652\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Stipules of Fatsia japonica<\/em> is connate to a petiole.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u6728\u672c\u6027\u3060\u304c\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u8349\u672c\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306f\u8349\u672c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

The Araliaceae are mostly composed of woody species, while the Apiaceae are of herbaceous species. Hydrocotyle<\/em> is herbaceous.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u3067\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u82b1\u67f1\u306e\u57fa\u90e8\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u67f1\u4e0b\u4f53\u304c\u7652\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306f\u7652\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306f\u7652\u5408\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306b\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Stylopodia at the base of styles are connate in the Araliaceae, but are not connate in the Apiaceae. Stylopodia of Hydrocotyle<\/em> are not connate as that of the Apiaceae.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306f\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306e\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u5c5e\u306b\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u5f62\u8cea\u3092\u7dd1\u8272\u306e\uff0b\u5370\u3001\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u5c5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u5f62\u8cea\u3092\u8d64\u8272\u306e\uff0b\u5370\u3067\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

In addition, Centella<\/em> in the Apiaceae is similar to Hydrocotyle<\/em>. Morphological characters of Centella<\/em> and Hydrocotyle<\/em> are shown as red and green plus marks, respectively.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u67f1\u4e0b\u4f53\u306f\u4e21\u7a2e\u3068\u3082\u7652\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u82b1\u67f1\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u6240\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u3067\u306f\u82b1\u67f1\u306f\u67f1\u4e0b\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u90e8\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u3067\u306f\u5fc3\u76ae\u306e\u5883\u754c\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Stylopodia are not connate in both species, but position of styles are different between them. Styles are positioned at the center of each stylopodium in Hydrocotyle<\/em>, while they are positioned at the border of two carpels in Centella<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306e\u82b1\u5f01\u306f\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u3001\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u5c5e\u306e\u82b1\u5f01\u306f\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306e\u591a\u304f\u304c\u6301\u3064\u7279\u5fb4\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u96c4\u854a\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u3084\u3084\u66f2\u304c\u308a\u3001\u3068\u3082\u306b\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u3068\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306e\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u614b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Petals of Hydrocotyle<\/em> and Centella<\/em> are similar to those in the Araliaceae and the Apiaceae, respectively. Stamens of both genera are slightly bend and intermediate between both families.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u6258\u8449\u3084\u8449\u306e\u57fa\u90e8\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u4e8c\u5c5e\u3067\u7570\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Morphology at the leaf base and stipules is different between two genera.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u3068\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u5c5e\u306f\u3001\u30a6\u30b3\u30ae\u79d1\u3068\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306e\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u7a00\u306a\u6b21\u306e\uff13\u3064\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u5f62\u8cea\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\uff11\uff09\u830e\u304c\u9577\u304f\u9019\u3046\u70b9\u3001\uff12\uff09\u530d\u5310\u830e\u304b\u3089\u4e0d\u5b9a\u6839\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3001\uff13\uff09\u82b1\u5e8f\u3092\u814b\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306f\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u5c5e\u306b\u8fd1\u7e01\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001\u3088\u304f\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5e\u306e\u82b1\u5e8f\u306f\u814b\u751f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n

Furthermore, Hydrocotyle<\/em> and Centella<\/em> share the following three special morphological characters that are not popular in both Araliaceae and Apiaceae: 1) the creeping stem, 2) adventitious roots from nodes, and 3) axillary inflorescences. Therefore, Hydrocotyle<\/em> was classified into the Apiaceae. However, with careful observation, inflorescences of Hydrocotyle<\/em> are not axillary.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30bb\u30ea\u79d1\u306e\u30c4\u30dc\u30af\u30b5\u5c5e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u82b1\u5e8f\u306f\u8449\u814b\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8513\u72b6\u306e\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u306f\u5358\u8ef8\u5206\u679d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Inflorescences of Centella<\/em> in the Apiaceae are axillary. The creeping shoot is monopodial.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u30a2\u30de\u30be\u30f3\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u306e\u82b1\u5e8f\u306f\u8449\u306e\u814b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8449\u3068\u5bfe\u751f\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u306f\u4eee\u8ef8\u5206\u679d\u3067\u3001\u82b1\u5e8f\u304c\u9802\u7aef\u3067\u3001\u8513\u306e\u5148\u7aef\u90e8\u306f\u8449\u814b\u306b\u3067\u304d\u305f\u814b\u82bd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u53f3\u306e\u5199\u771f\u3067\u306f\u4e3b\u814b\u82bd\u3068\u8449\u306e\u9593\u306b\u526f\u82bd\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

An inflorescence of Hydrocotyle leucocephala<\/em> is not formed at the axil of a leaf but rather in an opposite position. This suggests sympodial branching, in which an inflorescence is a terminal shoot and an extending vegetative shoot is an axillary shoot of a leaf. In the right picture, a secondary axillary shoot is formed between a main axillary shoot and a leaf.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30c1\u30c9\u30e1\u30b0\u30b5\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3082\u82b1\u5e8f\u304c\u9802\u751f\u3057\u3001\u4eee\u8ef8\u5206\u679d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u830e\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Sympodial branching is also observed in Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nicolas, A.N. and Plunkett, G.M. 2009. T … \u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080 →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[94,123,164,165],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/860"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=860"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":891,"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/860\/revisions\/891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}