{"id":624,"date":"2015-02-21T23:57:41","date_gmt":"2015-02-21T14:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=624"},"modified":"2023-08-19T17:34:07","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T08:34:07","slug":"diplophylly-in-caltha-2-%e3%83%aa%e3%83%a5%e3%82%a6%e3%82%ad%e3%83%b3%e3%82%ab%e5%b1%9e%e3%81%ae%e9%87%8d%e8%a4%87%e8%91%89-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=624","title":{"rendered":"Diplophylly in Caltha-2 \u30ea\u30e5\u30a6\u30ad\u30f3\u30ab\u5c5e\u306e\u91cd\u8907\u8449-2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30c1\u30ea\u5357\u90e8\u3001\u30ca\u30d0\u30ea\u30ce\u5cf6\u306eCaltha dionaeifolia<\/em>\u306e\u81ea\u751f\u5730\u3002\u6e7f\u5730\u306b\u7fa4\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

A locality of Caltha dionaeifolia<\/em> in the Navarino island, Chile.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Caltha dionaeifolia<\/em>\u306f\u5730\u4e0b\u830e\u304c\u679d\u5206\u304b\u308c\u3057\u3001\u30af\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u690d\u7269\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u584a\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u80b2\u3064\u3002<\/p>\n

Caltha dionaeifolia<\/em> forms large colonies like a cushion plant.\"Caltha\"Caltha\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30c1\u30ea\u306e\u30ce\u30d0\u30ea\u30ce\u5cf6\u3067\u306f\u3001Caltha sagittata<\/em>\u306f\u4f4e\u5730\u3001C. appendiculata<\/em>\u306f400 m\u304b\u3089800 m\u4f4d\u3001C. dionaeifolia<\/em>\u306f800 m\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5c71\u306b\u81ea\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Caltha sagittata<\/em>, C. appendiculata<\/em>, and C. dionaeifolia<\/em> form a clade (Schuettpelz and Hoot 2004) and are distributed in low land, between around 1000 and 500 m, and around 1000 m, respectively in Navarino island. What is the function of the appendages?<\/p>\n

Schuettpelz, E. and Hoot, S.B. 2004. Phylogeny and biogeography of Caltha<\/em> (Ranunculaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 247-253.<\/p>\n

\"Caltha<\/p>\n

Caltha appendiculata<\/em>\u3068Caltha dion<\/em>aeifolia<\/em>\u306e\u6c17\u5b54\u306f\u8449\u8eab\u306e\u5411\u8ef8\u5074\u3068\u7a81\u8d77\u306e\u8449\u8eab\u5074\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002Goebel (1891)\u3068Hill (1918)\u306f\u6c17\u5b54\u306e\u3042\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u6c34\u3067\u88ab\u308f\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7a81\u8d77\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3068\u63a8\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u91ce\u5916\u3067\u6c34\u3092\u304b\u3051\u308b\u3068\u7a81\u8d77\u3068\u8449\u8eab\u306e\u9593\u306b\u6c34\u304c\u5165\u3063\u3066\u6c17\u5b54\u306f\u6c34\u6ca1\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n

Since stomata of Caltha appendiculata<\/em> and Caltha dionaeifolia<\/em> are formed on the adaxial side of leaves, Goebel (1891) and Hill (1918) interpreted that these appendages function to prevent stomata sunk in water. However, when water is added to the leaves, water just accumulates in the concaved adaxial surface covering stomata and water is not removed.<\/p>\n

Goebel, K. 1891. Pflanzenbiologische Schilderungen, vol. 2. N. G. Elwert, Marburg, Germany.<\/p>\n

Hill, A.W. 1918. The genus Caltha in the Southern Hemisphere. Ann. Bot. 32: 421-435.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98a8\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u9ad8\u5c71\u3084\u6975\u5730\u306e\u5c71\u3067\u306f\u690d\u7269\u304c\u30af\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

At the alpine, subalpine, subarctic, and arctic areas with strong winds, plants become cushion-like.\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u30af\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u690d\u7269\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u7aaa\u3093\u3060\u8449\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

Cushion plants often form concave leaves.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5357\u6975\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u30ca\u30d0\u30ed\u5cf6\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u6240\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u690d\u7269\u306e\u81ea\u751f\u3059\u308b\u5834\u6240\u306f\u771f\u590f\u3067\u3082\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u96ea\u306b\u88ab\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

In Navaro island in the sub Antarctic area, localities of cushion plants are often covered with snow even in summer.\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u96ea\u3092\u624b\u3067\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u3044\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8449\u304c\u7aaa\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u96ea\u304c\u8449\u306e\u8868\u9762\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u305b\u305a\u3001\u8449\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u7a7a\u9593\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

When snow is removed, by hands, we can see that snow does not touch the leaf surface because of the concave structure and air space is kept around leaves.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u96ea\u304c\u7a4d\u3082\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8449\u306e\u8868\u9762\u306b\u306f\u89e6\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n

Snow accumulates without touching the leaf surface.\"Caltha\"Caltha<\/p>\n

Caltha dionaeifolia<\/em>\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u96ea\u3092\u8f09\u305b\u3066\u307f\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

Caltha dionaeifolia<\/em> are overlaid with snow.\"Caltha<\/p>\n

\u96ea\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u304f\u3068\u3001\u8449\u8eab\u3068\u7a81\u8d77\u306e\u9593\u306b\u96ea\u304c\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8449\u306e\u7a81\u8d77\u306f\u6c34\u304c\u5165\u308b\u306e\u3092\u9632\u3050\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u96ea\u304c\u6c17\u5b54\u306e\u3042\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u88ab\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u306e\u3092\u9632\u3050\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

When overlaid snow is removed, snow does not enter into the space between the lamina and appendage, indicating that appendage function to prevent snow attached to leaf surface rather than water.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u30c1\u30ea\u5357\u90e8\u3001\u30ca\u30d0\u30ea\u30ce\u5cf6\u306eCaltha dionaeifolia\u306e\u81ea\u751f\u5730\u3002\u6e7f\u5730\u306b\u7fa4\u751f … \u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080 →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[54,142],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=624"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1199,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/624\/revisions\/1199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}