{"id":1587,"date":"2026-06-21T12:38:59","date_gmt":"2026-06-21T03:38:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=1587"},"modified":"2026-06-21T12:38:59","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T03:38:59","slug":"%e3%82%b2%e3%83%b3%e3%83%aa%e3%82%bb%e3%82%a2%e5%b1%9e%e3%81%ae%e6%8d%95%e8%99%ab%e8%91%89%e3%81%ae%e7%99%ba%e7%94%9f-development-of-the-trapping-leaves-in-genlisea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=1587","title":{"rendered":"\u30b2\u30f3\u30ea\u30bb\u30a2\u5c5e\u306e\u6355\u866b\u8449\u306e\u767a\u751f\u00a0 Development of the Trapping Leaves in Genlisea<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u30b2\u30f3\u30ea\u30bb\u30a2\u5c5e\u306f\u30bf\u30cc\u30ad\u30e2\u79d1\u306e\u98df\u866b\u690d\u7269\u3067\u3001\u5357\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u4e2d\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5357\u90e8\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30de\u30c0\u30ac\u30b9\u30ab\u30eb\u306b\u81ea\u751f\u3059\u308b(Freischmann 2012)\u3002\u5199\u771f\u306f\u3001\u30d9\u30cd\u30ba\u30a8\u30e9\u306e\u30ae\u30a2\u30ca\u9ad8\u5730\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u30ed\u30e9\u30a4\u30de\u5c71\u5c71\u9802\u306e\u6e7f\u5730\u306b\u81ea\u751f\u3059\u308bGenlisea<\/em> <\/em>roraimensis<\/em>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5730\u4e0a\u90e8\u306e\u5916\u89b3\u306f\u59c9\u59b9\u5c5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30df\u30df\u30ab\u30ad\u30b0\u30b5\u5c5eUtricularia<\/em>\u306b\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\uff08\u5de6\u5199\u771f\u3001\u53f3\u4e0a\u5199\u771f\uff09\u3001\u5730\u4e0b\u90e8\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\uff08\u53f3\u4e0b\u5199\u771f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genlisea<\/em> is a genus of carnivorous plants in the family Lentibulariaceae, native to South America and central to southern Africa (Fleischmann 2012). The photographs show Genlisea roraimensis<\/em> growing in a wetland on the summit of Mount Roraima in the Guiana Highlands of Venezuela. Although the aboveground morphology resembles that of its sister genus Utricularia<\/em> (left photograph and upper right photograph), the underground morphology differs markedly (lower right photograph).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u30b2\u30f3\u30ea\u30bb\u30a2\u5c5e\u306e\u7a2e\u3067\u306f\u6839\u304c\u767a\u751f\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5730\u4e0b\u306b\u6355\u866b\u8449\u304c\u4f38\u9577\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Species of Genlisea<\/em> do not develop roots; instead, they produce underground trapping leaves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6355\u866b\u8449\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b (Lloyd 1942)\u3002\u56f3(1)\u306f\u8449\u539f\u57fa\u3092\u5074\u9762\u304b\u3089\u307f\u305f\u56f3\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306f\u8449\u306e\u8868\u5074\uff08\u5411\u8ef8\u5074\uff09\u304b\u3089\u898b\u305f\u56f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002(1) \u8449\u539f\u57fa\u306e\u5148\u7aef\u306b\u7aaa\u307f\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u8449\u539f\u57fa\u306e\u4f38\u9577\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3053\u306e\u7aaa\u307f\u306f\u6df1\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u3084\u304c\u3066\u7b52\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30b5\u30e9\u30bb\u30cb\u30a2 \u30d7\u30eb\u30d7\u30ec\u30a2\u3084\u30a4\u30c8\u30bf\u30cc\u30ad\u30e2\u306e\u56a2\u72b6\u8449\u306e\u3067\u304d\u304b\u305f\u304b\u3089\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068(Fukushima et al. 2015; Whitewoods et al. 2020)\u3001\u7b52\u306e\u5916\u5074\u304c\u5e73\u9762\u8449\u306e\u8868\u5074\uff08\u5411\u8ef8\u5074\uff09\u3001\u7b52\u306e\u5185\u5074\u304c\u8868\u5074\uff08\u80cc\u8ef8\u5074\uff09\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3057\u3001\u8868\u5074\u3068\u88cf\u5074\u306e\u5883\u754c\u9818\u57df\u304c\u4f38\u9577\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002 (2) \u8449\u539f\u57fa\u306e\u5148\u7aef\u90e8\u304c\u5de6\u53f3\u306b\u3084\u3084\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u3002 (3)  \u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u5de6\u53f3\u306b\u4f38\u9577\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6355\u866b\u56a2\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u81a8\u3089\u3080\u3002(4) \u5148\u7aef\u90e8\u306f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5de6\u53f3\u306b\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3001\u9838\u90e8\u306f\u4f38\u9577\u3057\u3001\u6355\u866b\u56a2\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u81a8\u3089\u3080\u3002(5) \u5148\u7aef\u90e8\u306f\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5de6\u53f3\u306b\u4f38\u9577\u3057\u3066\u4e8c\u53c9\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8155\u90e8\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u53c9\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3001\u7b52\u306e\u8868\u5074\u90e8\u5206\u3068\u88cf\u5074\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u91cd\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The trapping leaf develops as follows (Lloyd 1942). Figure (1) shows a leaf primordium in lateral view, whereas the other figures show the leaf from the upper, or adaxial, side. (1) A depression forms at the tip of the leaf primordium. As the leaf primordium elongates, this depression becomes deeper and eventually forms a tube. Based on the developmental processes of pitcher-like leaves in Sarracenia purpurea<\/em> and Utricularia gibba<\/em> (Fukushima et al. 2015; Whitewoods et al. 2020), the outer side of the tube is inferred to correspond to the upper, or adaxial, side of a flat leaf, and the inner side to the lower, or abaxial, side; the boundary region between the upper and lower sides is therefore inferred to elongate. (2) The distal part of the leaf primordium begins to expand slightly to the left and right. (3) It then elongates laterally, as if a pipe had been flattened. The trap bladder also swells further. (4) The distal part continues to expand laterally while remaining flattened, the neck elongates, and the trap bladder continues to swell. (5) The distal part elongates further to the left and right and becomes bifurcated, forming the structures known as arms. The bifurcated region remains flattened, with the upper and lower portions of the tube overlapping to form a double-layered structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8155\u90e8\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306f\u5e73\u9762\u8449\u306e\u8868\u5074\uff08\u5411\u8ef8\u5074\uff09\u3001\u5916\u5074\u306f\u5e73\u9762\u8449\u306e\u88cf\u5074\uff08\u80cc\u8ef8\u5074\uff09\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8155\u90e8\u306f\u8449\u304c\u8868\u5074\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u8c37\u6298\u308a\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u307f\u306a\u305b\u308b\u3002\u4e0a\u306e\u56f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6fc3\u3044\u7070\u8272\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8155\u90e8\u306e\u5185\u5074\u3001\u8584\u3044\u7070\u8272\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u5916\u5074\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3064\u6298\u308a\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u7247\u5074\u306e\u8868\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u8868\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u9023\u7d50\u6bdb bridging trichomes (Juniper et al. 1989)\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u6bdb\u304c\u4f38\u9577\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6bdb\u306f\u3001\u6355\u866b\u8449\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u6bdb\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u57fa\u90e8\u7d30\u80de base cell\u3001\u4e2d\u9593\u7d30\u80de middle cell\u3001\u672b\u7aef\u7d30\u80de end cell\u306e3\u7d30\u80de\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\uff08Lloyd 1942)\u3002\u30b2\u30f3\u30ea\u30bb\u30a2\u5c5e\u306e\u6355\u866b\u8449\u306b\u306f\u540c\u3058\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u3082\u3064\u6570\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u6bdb\u304c\u751f\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u30893\u3064\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6bdb\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\u540d\u79f0\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\uff08Lloyd 1942, Freischmann 2012)\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u9023\u7d50\u6bdb\u306e\u4e2d\u9593\u7d30\u80de\u306f\u3001\u652f\u67f1\u7d30\u80de prop cells\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\uff08Lloyd 1942, Freischmann 2012)\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u540c\u6027\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u6bdb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u57fa\u90e8\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u4e2d\u9593\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u672b\u7aef\u7d30\u80de\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9023\u7d50\u6bdb\u306f\u3001\u5411\u304b\u3044\u5408\u3046\u9762\u306e\u8868\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\u306b\u63a5\u7740\u3057\u3001\u30cb\u3064\u6298\u308a\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u8155\u90e8\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u9593\u9694\u3067\u9699\u9593\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8155\u90e8\u306f\u4f38\u9577\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3064\u308c\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u4e2d\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u3088\u3058\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The inner side of the arm is thought to correspond to the upper, or adaxial, side of a flat leaf, whereas the outer side corresponds to the lower, or abaxial, side. Thus, the arm can be interpreted as a structure in which the leaf is valley-folded toward the upper side. In the figure above, the dark gray region indicates the inner side of the arm, and the light gray region indicates the outer side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From the epidermal cells on one side of the folded structure, hairs called bridging trichomes (Juniper et al. 1989), which are derived from epidermal cells, elongate. Like the other hairs formed on the trapping leaf, each bridging trichome consists of three cells: a base cell, a middle cell, and an end cell (Lloyd 1942). Several types of hairs with the same basic structure are formed on the trapping leaves of Genlisea<\/em>, but different names have been used for these three cells depending on the hair type (Lloyd 1942; Fleischmann 2012). For example, the middle cell of a bridging trichome has been called a prop cell (Lloyd 1942; Fleischmann 2012). Here, to clarify homology, these cells are referred to as the base cell, middle cell, and end cell in all hair types.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The bridging trichomes adhere to epidermal cells on the opposing surface, thereby forming regularly spaced gaps inside the folded arm. As the arm elongates, it twists in the direction indicated by the arrows in the figure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8155\u90e8\u304c\u524d\u56f3\u3067\u793a\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u3088\u3058\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u4e0a\u306e\u5de6\u56f3\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f62\u614b\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u53f3\u306e\u5199\u771f\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u6298\u308a\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9023\u7d50\u6bdb\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u63a5\u7740\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306e\u8155\u90e8\u3092\u958b\u304d\u3001\u5185\u5074\u304b\u3089\u898b\u305f\u8d70\u67fb\u96fb\u5b50\u9855\u5fae\u93e1\u5199\u771f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9023\u7d50\u6bdb\u306e\u63a5\u7740\u4e88\u5b9a\u90e8\u4f4d\u3092\u4e00\u7b87\u6240\u3060\u3051\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5185\u5074\u8868\u9762\uff08\u8449\u306e\u8868\u5074\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u5c0e\u6bdb\uff08detentive hair: Juniper et al. 1989; Fleischmann 2012, trapping hair: Lloyd 1942)\u304c\u6355\u866b\u56a2\u5074\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u5217\u72b6\u306b\u751f\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7372\u7269\u304c\u8155\u90e8\u306e\u9699\u9593\u304b\u3089\u5165\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a98\u5c0e\u6bdb\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6355\u866b\u56a2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3078\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As the arm twists in the direction indicated in the preceding figure, it eventually assumes the form shown in the upper left figure. The photograph on the right is a scanning electron micrograph of an arm at the folded stage, before adhesion by the bridging trichomes, opened and viewed from the inside. One prospective adhesion site of a bridging trichome is indicated. On the inner surface, which corresponds to the upper side of the leaf, detentive hairs (Juniper et al. 1989; Fleischmann 2012; trapping hairs in Lloyd 1942) are arranged in rows directed toward the trap bladder. When prey enters through the gaps in the arm, these detentive hairs guide it toward the trap bladder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fleischmann, A. (2012). Monograph of the Genus Genlisea<\/em> (Redfern Natural History Productions).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fukushima, K., Fujita, H., Yamaguchi, T., Kawaguchi, M., Tsukaya, H., and Hasebe, M. (2015). Oriented cell division shapes carnivorous pitcher leaves of Sarracenia purpurea<\/em>. Nat. Commun. 6<\/em>, 6450.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lloyd, F.E. (1942). The Carnivorous Plants (Dover Publications, Inc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Whitewoods, C.D., Whitewoods, C.D., Gon\u00e7alves, B., Cheng, J., Cui, M., and Kennaway, R. (2020). Evolution of carnivorous traps from planar leaves through simple shifts in gene expression. Science (1979). 367<\/em>, 91\u201396.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u30b2\u30f3\u30ea\u30bb\u30a2\u5c5e\u306f\u30bf\u30cc\u30ad\u30e2\u79d1\u306e\u98df\u866b\u690d\u7269\u3067\u3001\u5357\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u4e2d\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5357\u90e8\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30de … \u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080 →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1587"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1593,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587\/revisions\/1593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}