{"id":1455,"date":"2025-06-15T10:56:15","date_gmt":"2025-06-15T01:56:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=1455"},"modified":"2025-06-15T10:56:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-15T01:56:15","slug":"%e5%b7%a8%e5%a4%a7%e3%81%aa%e8%91%89%e3%82%92%e6%8c%81%e3%81%a4%e3%83%8f%e3%82%b9%e3%82%a4%e3%83%a2-leucocasia-gigantea%e3%81%8c%e3%82%af%e3%83%af%e3%82%ba%e3%82%a4%e3%83%a2%e5%b1%9ealocasia%e3%82%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/?p=1455","title":{"rendered":"\u5de8\u5927\u306a\u8449\u3092\u6301\u3064\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2 Leucocasia gigantea\u304c\u30af\u30ef\u30ba\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5eAlocasia\u3084\u30b5\u30c8\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5eColocasia\u3068\u9055\u3046\u70b9\uff1a Differences Between Giant Elephant\u2019s ear Leucocasia gigantea, Which Has Gigantic Leaves, and the Genera Alocasia and Colocasia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u3000Elephant\u2019s<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5e\u306f\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2 elephant\u2019s ear\uff11\u7a2e\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b(POWO 2025)\u3002\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\uff08giant elephant ear or Indian taro\uff09\u306e\u8449\u306f\u5de8\u5927\u3067\u30011.5 m\u304b\u30893 m\u306b\u3082\u6210\u9577\u3057\u3001\u8449\u67c4\u306f\u98df\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b (Ivancic et al. 2008)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The genus Leucocasia<\/em> comprises a single species, Leucocasia gigantea<\/em>, commonly known as giant elephant ear or Indian taro (POWO 2025). Its leaves are enormous, growing to 1.5 to 3 meters in length, and the petioles are edible (Ivancic et al. 2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u306e\u5206\u5e03<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6771\u5357\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\uff08\u56f3\u306e\u767d\u7dda\u306e\u5185\u5074\uff09\u306b\u91ce\u751f\u3057\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3092\u542b\u3081\u305f\u5730\u57df\u3067\u683d\u57f9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b(POWO 2025)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It grows wild in Southeast Asia (within the white line on the map) and is cultivated in regions including Japan (POWO 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u306e\u82b1\u5e8f<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u82b1\u5e8f\u306f\u4ecf\u708e\u82de\u306b\u8986\u308f\u308c\u3001\u96cc\u6027\u5148\u719f\u3067\u3001\u96cc\u82b1\u304c\u6210\u719f\u3057\u305f\uff11\u304b\u3089\u6570\u65e5\u5f8c\u306b\u96c4\u854a\u304b\u3089\u82b1\u7c89\u304c\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff08Ivancic et al. 2008)\u3002\u96cc\u854a\u3068\u96c4\u854a\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u6210\u719f\u671f\u306b\u767a\u71b1\u3057\u3001\u30b6\u30bb\u30f3\u30bd\u30a6\u306a\u3069\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u767a\u751f\u6027\u82b1\u5e8f\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u82b1\u7c89\u5a92\u4ecb\u6606\u866b\u3092\u8a98\u5f15\u3059\u308b\uff08Ivancic et al. 2008)\u3002\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c42\u5ea6\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6606\u866b\u3092\u8ffd\u3044\u51fa\u3059\u6a5f\u80fd\u3082\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u91ce\u5916\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u691c\u8a3c\u5b9f\u9a13\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b(Ivancic et al. 2008)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Its inflorescence is enclosed by a spathe, and the plant is protogynous: the pistillate flowers mature first, and pollen is released from the stamens one to several days later (Ivancic et al. 2008). Both the pistils and stamens undergo thermogenesis during their respective maturation phases. As in other thermogenic inflorescences such as Symplocarpus<\/em>, this heat is thought to attract insect pollinators (Ivancic et al. 2008). Temperatures can exceed 42\u00b0C, raising the possibility that the heat may also serve to drive insects away, although this hypothesis requires field testing (Ivancic et al. 2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u30ab\u30ec\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u306e\u5b66\u540d\u306fLeucocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume)Schott\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u306b\u5909\u9077\u3057\u305f\u3002Blume (1823)\u306f\u672c\u7a2e\u304c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u767d\u3044\u4ecf\u708e\u82de\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u767d\u3044\u4ecf\u708e\u82de\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7a2e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30ab\u30e9\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u5c5eCaladium<\/em>\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3001Caladium giganteum<\/em> Blume\u3068\u547d\u540d\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The scientific name Leucocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Schott is currently used, though the taxonomy has changed over time. Blume (1823), noting its large white spathe, originally classified the species in the genus Caladium<\/em> (which includes other species with similar spathes) and named it Caladium giganteum<\/em> Blume.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"orthotropous<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001Schott (1857)\u306f\u3001\u30ab\u30e9\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u5c5eCaladium<\/em>\u306e\u7a2e\u306f\u5b50\u623f\u304c\u6570\u5ba4\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308a\u3001\u80da\u73e0\u304c\u5012\u751fanatropous\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u7a2e\u306f\u5b50\u623f\u304c\u307b\u307c\uff11\u5ba4subunilocular\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u80da\u73e0\u304c\u76f4\u751forthotropous\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u3001\u672c\u7a2e\u306e\u307f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308bLeucocasia<\/em>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5c5e\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u3001Leucocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Schott\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Later, Schott (1857) emphasized that while Caladium<\/em> species typically have multi-locular ovaries and anatropous ovules, this species has a nearly unilocular ovary (subunilocular) and orthotropous ovules. He therefore established a new genus, Leucocasia<\/em>, consisting only of this species, naming it Leucocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Schott.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"parietal<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001Hooker (1893)\u306f\u3001\u672c\u7a2e\u306e\u80da\u73e0\u304c\u57fa\u5e95\u80ce\u5ea7basal placentation\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5206\u6563\u3057\u305f\u5074\u819c\u80ce\u5ea7parietal and scattered placentation\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3001\u591a\u6570\u306e\u80da\u73e0\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u3069\u3001Colocasia<\/em>\u5c5e\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001Colocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Hook.f.\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Subsequently, Hooker (1893) interpreted the ovules of this species as having parietal and scattered placentation, rather than basal placentation. Due to this and the large number of ovules, which resemble those of Colocasia<\/em>, he reclassified the species as Colocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Hook.f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u6a39<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6838\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u306ephytochrome C<\/em> (PHYC<\/em>\uff09\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3001\u8449\u7dd1\u4f53\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u306etrnL<\/em> intron\u3001trnL<\/em>–trnF<\/em> intergenic spacer\u3001rpl20<\/em>–rps12<\/em> intergenic spacer, trnK<\/em>\/matK<\/em> region\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u7a2e\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30ef\u30ba\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5eAlocasia<\/em>\u306e\u59c9\u59b9\u7a2e\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u30b5\u30c8\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5eColocasia<\/em>\u3068\u306f\u5358\u7cfb\u7d71\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3063\u305f (Nauheimer et al. 2012)\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3067\u306f\u3001Colocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Hook.f.\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001Leucocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume)Schott\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear gene phytochrome C<\/em> (PHYC<\/em>) and chloroplast genome regions including the trnL<\/em> intron, trnL<\/em>–trnF<\/em> intergenic spacer, rpl20<\/em>–rps12<\/em> intergenic spacer, and trnK<\/em>\/matK<\/em> region revealed that this species is a sister group to the genus Alocasia<\/em>, and not monophyletic with Colocasia<\/em> (Nauheimer et al. 2012). Thus, Leucocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Schott is now the accepted name rather than Colocasia gigantea<\/em> (Blume) Hook.f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u30af\u30ef\u30ba\u30a4\u30e2<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u30af\u30ef\u30ba\u30a4\u30e2Alocasia macrorrhizos<\/em> (L.) G.Don\u3082\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u306b\u4f3c\u305f\u539a\u3044\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8449\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8fd1\u7e01\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f(Nauheimer et al. 2012)\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5f62\u8cea\u306f\u5e73\u884c\u9032\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although Alocasia macrorrhizos<\/em> (L.) G.Don (commonly known as giant taro) also produces large, thick leaves similar to those of Leucocasia<\/em>, it is not closely related (Nauheimer et al. 2012), and the shared leaf morphology is considered a result of parallel evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u80da\u73e0\u306f\u591a\u6570\u304c\u5074\u819c\u80ce\u5ea7 —– 2
1. \u80da\u73e0\u306f\u6570\u500b\u304c\u57fa\u5e95\u80ce\u5ea7 —– \u30af\u30ef\u30ba\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5e Alocasia<\/em>
2. \u690d\u7269\u4f53\u306f2 m\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u4ecf\u708e\u82de\u306f\u7d14\u767d\u3002 —– \u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5e Leucocasia<\/em>
2. \u690d\u7269\u4f53\u306f2 m\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7a00\u3002\u4ecf\u708e\u82de\u306f\u7d14\u767d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002—– \u30b5\u30c8\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5e Colocasia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Ovules are many and parietal —– 2
1. Ovules are few and basal —– Alocasia<\/em>
2. Plants often exceed 2 m high; Limb of spathe pure white —– Leucocasia<\/em>
2. Plants are usually less than 2 m high; Limb of spathe is not pure white —– Colocasia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e\u3000References<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blume, C.L., 1823. Catalogus van eenige der merkwaardigste zoo in- als uitheemsche gewassen te vinden iv ,s Lands Plantentuin te Buitenzorg\/opgemaakt door C.L. Blume. (Reprinted by the Arnold Arboretum, 1946.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GBIF 2025. Leucocasia gigantea (Blume) Schott in GBIF Secretariat (2023). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15468\/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2025-06-14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hooker, J.D. 1893. Aroideae. Flora of British India, vol. 6. L. Reeve & Co., London.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schott, H.W. 1857. Leucocasia<\/em>, eine Gattung der Colocasinae. Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl., 7: 33-35.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ivancic A, Roupsard O, Garcia JQ, Melteras M, Molisale T, Tara S, and Lebot V. 2008. Thermogenesis and flowering biology of Colocasia gigantea<\/em>, Araceae. J. Plant Res. 121:73\u201382.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nauheimer, L., Boyce, P.C., Renner, S.S. 2012. Giant taro and its relatives: A phylogeny of the large genus Alocasia<\/em> (Araceae) sheds light on Miocene floristic exchange in the Malesian region. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.<\/em> 63: 43\u201351.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

POWO (2025). “Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/<\/a>. Retrieved 14 June 2025.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2\u5c5e\u306f\u30cf\u30b9\u30a4\u30e2 elephant\u2019s ear\uff11\u7a2e\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b(POWO 202 … \u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080 →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[102,42,195,194,113],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1455"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1455"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1466,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1455\/revisions\/1466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nibb.ac.jp\/plantdic\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}